Parsippany

Parsippany–Troy Hills Township, commonly known as Parsippany (/p ɑːr ˈ s ɪ p ə n i / par-SIP -ə-nee[20]), is a township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 53,238,[9][10][11] reflecting an increase of 2,589 (+5.1%) from the 50,649 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 2,171 (+4.5%) from the 48,478 counted in the 1990 Census.[21]

The name Parsippany comes from the Lenape Native American sub-tribe, which comes from the word parsipanong, which means "the place where the river winds through the valley".[20][22] Parsippany–Troy Hills is the most populous municipality in Morris County.[23] The name Troy Hills was changed from Troy, to avoid confusion of mail being sent erroneously to Troy, New York.[24]

Parsippany–Troy Hills was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 12, 1928, from portions of Hanover Township, based on the results of a referendum held on May 9, 1928, that split off both East Hanover Township and Parsippany–Troy Hills from Hanover Township.[25][26][27]

Since 2006, Parsippany–Troy Hills has been consistently recognized by Money magazine as one of the Best Places to Live in the United States. That year Parsippany was ranked 17th on the list, the highest-ranked location in New Jersey. In 2008, it moved up to 13th position.[28] Parsippany returned to Money magazine's "Best Places" list in 2012, in the 15th position, and again in 2014, where it ranked 16th with Money citing its "Arts and leisure".[29] Parsippany's ranking improved to the fifth-ranked position on the "Best Places" list in 2016, but in 2017 dropped to 33rd.[30] In 2018, Parsippany again made the list, at the 23rd-ranked position.[31]

After the Wisconsin Glacier melted around 13,000 BC, half of Parsippany was filled with water as this was Lake Passaic. Around the area grasses grew, as the area was tundra and then turned into a taiga/boreal forest as the area warmed.

Paleo-Indians moved in small groups into the area around 12,500 years ago, attracted by the diversity of plant and animal life.

Native Americans settled into the area several thousand years ago, dwelling in the highlands and along the Rockaway River and the Whippany River, where they hunted and fished for the various game that lived in the area and migrated through the area in autumn. Paintings in a rock cave were found in the late 1970s in western Parsippany in the highlands.

From 1611 to 1614, the Dutch established the colony of New Netherland, which claimed territory between the 40th and 45th parallel north, a zone which included northern New Jersey. The Native Americans traded furs and food with the Dutch for various goods. In return, the Dutch gave the Native Americans metal pots, knives, guns, axes, and blankets. Trading with the Native Americans occurred until 1643 when a series of wars broke out between the Dutch and Native Americans. There were hostile relations between the Dutch and Native Americans between 1643 and 1660. This prevented colonization by the Dutch of the Morris County region which was technically included in their claimed "New Netherland".

On August 27, 1664, three English ships approached Fort Amsterdam and the fort was surrendered to the English. The English now controlled New Netherland and Morris County was now under control of the colony of New York. Relations with the Native Americans improved for a while.

There was a war with the Dutch ten years later. The Dutch re-took control of New Amsterdam but after a year returned it to the English. Relations with the Native Americans and English improved for a while. English settlers started to move into the area around 1700. The Parsippany area had flat land and fertile soil, and a fresh water supply, allowing them to succeed at farming. All types of game, especially waterfowl, provided colonists a chance to succeed.

From the 1730s to the early 1800s, the area of Parsippany known as Lake Hiawatha was a 2,000-acre (3.125 mile) slave plantation. The central street of Lake Hiawatha, Beverwyck Road, references the name of a Dutch enslaver and property manager Lucas Von Beverhoudt.[32][33]

Generations of enslaved Africans were forced to labor on the Beverwyck property, including Phebe Ann Jacobs. Born enslaved in 1785 on the Beverwyck plantation, she later achieved freedom in Maine, laundering clothes for students of Bowdoin College. Her posthumously-published 1856 biography, Narrative of Phebe Ann Jacobs, was a source of inspiration to Harriet Beecher Stowe, famed author of anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin.[34]

Records include a 1768 newspaper advertisement for the property that mentioned a "Negro House," which was constructed to house over 20 enslaved workers, including a blacksmith, a shoemaker, and a mason.[33][35] A 1780 newspaper notice includes a description to aid in re-capturing "Jack," an enslaved person who had escaped; this notice can be found at the Morristown National Historical Park.[33]

Guests at the estate included George Washington, Nathaniel Greene, and Marquis de Lafayette.[36]

In July 2021, Cinepolis Theaters announced that it permanently closed its theater on Route 46 at the Morris Hills Shopping Center.[37]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 25.35 square miles (65.65 km2), including 23.63 square miles (61.20 km2) of land and 1.72 square miles (4.45 km2) of water (6.79%).[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Greystone Park, Lake Hiawatha, Lake Intervale, Lake Parsippany, Mount Tabor (also known as "Tabor"), Parsippany, Powder Mill, Rainbow Lakes, Rockaway Neck, and Troy Hills.[38]

Lake Hiawatha and Mount Tabor are neighborhoods with their own ZIP codes. In 2000, 55% of Parsippany residents had a 07054 ZIP code. In 2011, Parsippany residents could live in one of 12 ZIP codes.[39] Until 2000, there was a 13th ZIP code within Parsippany, eliminated with changes at the Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital.

Parsippany–Troy Hills borders the municipalities of Boonton, Denville Township, East Hanover Township, Hanover Township, Montville, Morris Plains, Morris Township, Mountain Lakes and Randolph.[40][41][42]

The township has a humid continental climate, with cold winters and very warm-to-hot summers. It is usually cooler than Manhattan at night and in the early morning. The record low temperature is −26 °F (−32 °C), and the record high is 104 °F (40 °C).

Parsippany–Troy Hills lies in the Newark Piedmont Basin. Around 500 million years ago, a chain of volcanic islands crashed into proto North America, riding over the North American Plate and creating the New Jersey Highlands, which start in the western portion of the township. This strike also created land formations in the rest of eastern New Jersey. Around 450 million years ago, a small continent, long and thin, collided with North America, creating folding and faulting in western New Jersey and southern Appalachia.

The swamps and meadows of Parsippany were created when the North American Plate separated from the African Plate. An aborted rift system or half-graben was created. The land area lowered between the Ramapo Fault in western Parsippany and a fault west of Paterson. The Ramapo Fault goes through the western part of the township.

The Wisconsin Glacier came into the area around 21,000 BC and left around 13,000 BC due to a warming in climate. As the glacier slowly melted, this created rivers, streams and lakes, leaving most of the township under Lake Passaic, which was the biggest lake in New Jersey at that time, stretching from the edge of the Ramapo Fault in western Parsippany eastward to almost Paterson.

The area was first tundra when the Wisconsin Glacier melted and then as the area warmed formed taiga/boreal forests, along with vast meadows. Slowly, Lake Passaic drained and formed swamps in the township; Troy Meadows and Lee Meadows (on the old Alderney Farm tract) are perfect examples. Swamps and meadows next to oak forests created a diverse flora and fauna spectrum.

The 2010 United States census counted 53,238 people, 20,279 households, and 14,094 families in the township. The population density was 2,259.3 per square mile (872.3/km2). There were 21,274 housing units at an average density of 902.8 per square mile (348.6/km2). The racial makeup was 62.37% (33,204) White, 3.52% (1,874) Black or African American, 0.17% (92) Native American, 29.09% (15,487) Asian, 0.02% (8) Pacific Islander, 2.03% (1,082) from other races, and 2.80% (1,491) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.32% (4,430) of the population.[9] As of 2010, 17.4% of the township's population self-identified as being Indian American, making them the largest minority group in the township; 6.6% of residents identified as being Chinese-American, which is the highest of any Morris County municipality.[9]

Of the 20,279 households, 30.9% had children under the age of 18; 58.3% were married couples living together; 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present and 30.5% were non-families. Of all households, 25.0% were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.14.[9]

20.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.5 years. For every 100 females, the population had 97.1 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 95.7 males.[9]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $85,760 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,882) and the median family income was $102,601 (+/- $4,650). Males had a median income of $67,109 (+/- $3,242) versus $50,415 (+/- $2,595) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $40,965 (+/- $1,434). About 1.8% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.5% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.[50]

As of the 2000 United States Census,[17] there were 50,649 people, 19,624 households, and 13,167 families residing in the township. The population density was 2,115.5 people per square mile (816.9/km2). There were 20,066 housing units at an average density of 838.1 per square mile (323.6/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 74.28% White, 3.11% African American, 0.12% Native American, 18.06% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.90% from other races, and 2.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.98% of the population.[48][49]

There were 19,624 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.13.[48][49]

In the township, the age distribution of the population shows 21.0% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 35.2% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.[48][49]

The median income for a household in the township was $68,133 and the median income for a family was $81,041. Males had a median income of $51,175 versus $38,641 for females. The per capita income for the township was $32,220. About 2.6% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.[48][49]

Parsippany–Troy Hills has a large Indian American community, with 8.39% of Parsippany–Troy Hills's residents having identified themselves as being of Indian American ancestry in the 2000 Census, which was the eighth-highest of any municipality in New Jersey, for all places with 1,000 or more residents identifying their ancestry.[51]

From 1967 through 2015, the Vince Lombardi Trophy was exclusively handcrafted by Tiffany & Co. in Parsippany for the winning team of the Super Bowl, as is the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy granted to the winner of the NBA Finals.[52]

Allergan, B&G Foods, GAF Materials Coproration, Sun Chemical, Zoetis, Kings Food Markets, Lexus and Toyota Financial Services,[53] American Financial Resources,[54] Wyndham Worldwide[55] and PNY Technologies, a manufacturer of computer memory devices, are in Parsippany–Troy Hills.[56]

The U.S. operations of Cadbury Adams,[57] Reckitt Benckiser,[58] Ricola and Safilo are located here.[59]

Cendant Corporation moved its headquarters to Parsippany–Troy Hills in 2001; in 2006 Cendant separated into several different companies, including Avis Budget Group, parent company of Avis Rent a Car System and Budget Rent a Car.[60][61][62]

Parsippany SC is a soccer club that hosts teams in both the Super Y-League and the Super-20 League.[63]

Par–Troy Little League East, one of Parsippany's two township Little League teams, competed in the 2012 Little League World Series, losing in the third round of play at South Williamsport, Pennsylvania to a team from Petaluma, California.[64]

The township is governed within the Faulkner Act (formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law) under the Mayor-Council system of municipal government (Plan E), implemented based on the recommendations of a Charter Study Commission as of January 1, 1966.[65] The township is one of 71 municipalities (of the 565) statewide that use this form of government.[66] The governing body is comprised of the mayor and the five-member township council, all elected to four-year terms of office on an at-large basis in partisan elections held every other year as part of the November general election. Either two or three council seats are up for vote each election, with the mayoral seat up for vote at the same time that two seats are up for vote.[7] The mayor and council are separately elected, with the mayor, serving as the chief executive officer, and the council serving in the capacity of a legislative body.

Some responsibilities of the mayor include preparation of the budget, enforcement of the ordinances, supervision of municipal departments and property, execution of Council decisions, and oversight of other functions of the municipality. Some of the responsibilities of the Council include adopting ordinances, approval of contracts presented by the mayor, scheduling times and places for council meetings and designation of the official newspapers of the municipality.

As of 2020[update], the mayor of Parsippany–Troy Hills is Democrat Michael Soriano, whose term of office ends December 31, 2021.[3] In the 2017 general election, Democratic challenger Michael Soriano defeated two-term incumbent Republican Mayor James R. Barberio; Soriano won with 7,438 votes (52.92%), and his running mates Emily Peterson and Janice McCarthy swept the two council seats, ousting incumbents Council President Louis A. Valori and Vincent Ferrara. Peterson won with 26.61% or 7,088 votes, and McCarthy won with 26.97% or 7,186 votes.[67] Parsippany–Troy Hills's Township Council consists of Michael J. dePierro (R, 2023), Council Vice President Loretta Gragnani (R, 2023), Paul Carifi Jr. (R, 2023), Janice McCarthy (D, 2021) and Emily Peterson (D, 2021).[68][69][70][71][72][73][67]

James Barberio unseated incumbent Mayor Michael Luther (D) by a margin of 8% in 2009, in an election in which Republicans took hold of all of the township's elected offices.[74]

In November 2012, Jonathan Nelson became the first Democrat elected to the Township Council in 26 years after upsetting Mayor James R. Barberio's candidate, Republican Judy Tiedemann.[75]

Parsippany–Troy Hills Township is located in the 11th Congressional District[81] and is part of New Jersey's 26th state legislative district.[10][82][83]

For the 117th United States Congress, New Jersey's Eleventh Congressional District is represented by Mikie Sherrill (D, Montclair).[84] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[85] and Bob Menendez (Harrison, term ends 2025).[86][87]

For the 2022–2023 session, the 26th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Joseph Pennacchio (R, Rockaway Township) and in the General Assembly by Christian Barranco (R, Jefferson Township) and Jay Webber (R, Morris Plains).[88]

Morris County is governed by a seven-member Board of County Commissioners, who are elected at-large in partisan elections, to three-year terms on a staggered basis, with either one or three seats up for election each year as part of the November general election. The Commissioner Board sets policies for the operation of six super-departments, more than 30 divisions plus authorities, commissions, boards and study committees.[89] Actual day-to-day operation of departments is supervised by County Administrator, John Bonanni.[90] As of 2021[update], Morris County's Commissioners are Commissioner Director Stephen H. Shaw (R, Mountain Lakes, 2021),[91] Commissioner Deputy Director Deborah Smith (R, Denville, 2021),[92] John Krickus (R, Washington Township, 2021),[93] Douglas Cabana (R, Boonton Township, 2022),[94] Kathryn A. DeFillippo (R, Roxbury, 2022),[95] Thomas J. Mastrangelo (R, Montville, 2022),[96] and Tayfun Selen (R, Chatham Township, 2023).[97] [98]

Tayfun Selen was elected by a county Republican convention to the vacant seat of Heather Darling, who was elected Morris County Surrogate in 2019.[99] He served the remainder of her term which ended in 2020 and was elected to a full three-year term in the November general election that year.[100]

Pursuant to Article VII Section II of the New Jersey State Constitution, each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as "constitutional officers." These officers are the County Clerk and County Surrogate (both elected for five-year terms of office) and the County Sheriff (elected for a three-year term).[101] As of 2021[update], they are County Clerk Ann F. Grossi (R, Parsippany, 2023),[102] Sheriff James M. Gannon (R, Boonton Township, 2022)[103] and Surrogate Heather Darling (R, Roxbury, 2024).[104]

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 30,393 registered voters in Parsippany–Troy Hills Township, of which 7,022 (23.1%) were registered as Democrats, 10,046 (33.1%) were registered as Republicans and 13,310 (43.8%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 15 voters registered to other parties.[105]

In the 2020 presidential election, out of 27,802 votes cast, Democrat Joe Biden received 55.3% of the vote (15,369 votes), Republican Donald Trump received 43.5% of the vote (12,095 votes) and other candidates received 1.2% of the vote (338 votes).[106]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 52.7% of the vote (11,324 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 46.3% (9,948 votes), and other candidates with 1.1% (233 votes), among the 21,673 ballots cast by the township's 32,187 registered voters (168 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 67.3%.[107][108] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 51.7% of the vote (12,219 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 46.9% (11,091 votes) and other candidates with 1.0% (225 votes), among the 23,635 ballots cast by the township's 31,458 registered voters, for a turnout of 75.1%.[109] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 51.8% of the vote (11,433 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 47.1% (10,397 votes) and other candidates with 0.6% (168 votes), among the 22,061 ballots cast by the township's 30,505 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 72.3.[110]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 65.5% of the vote (9,083 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 32.8% (4,547 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (228 votes), among the 14,280 ballots cast by the township's 32,046 registered voters (422 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 44.6%.[111][112] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 53.3% of the vote (8,384 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 36.8% (5,794 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 7.5% (1,176 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (114 votes), among the 15,742 ballots cast by the township's 30,870 registered voters, yielding a 51.0% turnout.[113]

Parsippany–Troy Hills Township is protected by six different fire districts serving out of ten fire houses throughout the township. Each district operates as their own fire department with each having its own Chief and other line officers. Every district is 100% volunteer and are on call around the clock, with dispatching for all fire districts provided by the township police department.[114]

The Parsippany–Troy Hills School District serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[119] The Parsippany–Troy Hills School District has students in ten elementary schools, two middle schools, two high schools and an adult education center. The community served by the district is ethnically, culturally and linguistically diverse. As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of 14 schools, had an enrollment of 7,248 students and 643.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.3:1.[120] Schools in the district (with 2018–19 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[121]) are Eastlake Elementary School[122] (350 students; in grades PreK-5), Intervale Elementary School[123] (278; K-5), Knollwood Elementary School[124] (414; K-5), Lake Hiawatha Elementary School[125] (408; PreK-5), Lake Parsippany Elementary School[126] (283; K-5), Littleton Elementary School[127] (405; K-5), Mt. Tabor Elementary School[128] (449; K-5), Northvail Elementary School[129] (371; K-5), Rockaway Meadow Elementary School[130] (257; K-5), Troy Hills Elementary School[131] (260; K-5), Brooklawn Middle School[132] (918; 6–8), Central Middle School[133] (789; 6–8), Parsippany High School[134] (913; 9–12) and Parsippany Hills High School[135] (1,075; 9–12).[136][137]

Parsippany Christian School, established in 1970, serves students in preschool through twelfth grade as a ministry of Parsippany Baptist Church.[138]

All Saints' Academy serves preschool though eighth grade, as the result of a 2009 merger of Saint Christopher Parochial school and Saint Peter the Apostle School.[139] St. Elizabeth School, founded in 1970, offers Montessori education to children in preschool through sixth grade.[140] Both are Catholic schools operated under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson.[141]

As of May 2010[update], the township had a total of 208.45 miles (335.47 km) of roadways, the most of any municipality in the county, of which 173.78 miles (279.67 km) are maintained by Parsippany–Troy Hills, 11.30 miles (18.19 km) by Morris County and 23.37 miles (37.61 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[144]

Parsippany lies at the crossroads of many major roadways including Interstates 80,[145] 280 (including its western terminus)[146] and 287,[147] U.S. Routes 46[148] and 202,[149] New Jersey Routes 10[150] and 53,[151] as well as County Route 511.[20][152] In 2013, Route 53 was renamed as the "Alex DeCroce Memorial Highway" in honor of Alex DeCroce, a township resident who was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1989 until his death in 2012.[153]

The Mount Tabor station[154] in neighboring Denville Township offers train service on the NJ Transit Morristown Line, with service to and from Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan and Hoboken Terminal.[155]

NJ Transit provides bus service on the 79 route to and from Newark, with local service on the 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 880, 29 and 79 routes.[156][157]

The Taiwanese airline China Airlines provides private bus service to John F. Kennedy International Airport from Parsippany to feed its flight to Taipei, Taiwan.[158]

Parsippany runs a two-route bus system known as Parsippany Transit that offers bus service free to all residents and operates six days a week.[159]

Bus service to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan is provided by Lakeland Bus Lines along Route 46 and Interstate 80.[160][161]

Morristown Municipal Airport, a general aviation airport, is located 6.7 miles (10.8 km) from the township.

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Parsippany–Troy Hills